Theileriasis: a comprehensive review

Tick-Borne Fever (Anaplasma phagocytophilum Infection) in Sheep – A Review

Ticks may transmit pathogens to ruminants worldwide, creating diseases such as anaplasmosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis and theileriosis. In Europe, the most important tick vector is Ixodes ricinus and the most widespread tick-borne infection in animals is Anaplasma phagocytophilum. This infection causes tick-borne fever (TBF) in ruminants, a disease which may not only cause suboptimal growth, bu...

CLINICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON THEILERIASIS (Theileria annulata) IN CATTLE IN UPPER EGYPT

The goal of the present study is to evaluate the endemic situation of theileriasis in the different localities in Upper Egypt, and also to evaluate the efficacy of some drugs in treatment of acute and chronic theileriasis. A total of 120 cows showed clinical signs varied from rise of body temperature, nasal and ocular discharge, corneal opacity, diarrhea, pale mucous membranes, associated with ...

Incidence and Treatment of Theileriasis and Babesiasis

A total of 50 adult cows each of Friesian and Jersey breed maintained at the Livestock Experiment Station Bhunikey (Pattoki) District Kasur were selected randomly for this study. Blood smears of all animals were prepared aseptically through standard procedure. The cows found positive for theileriasis were treated with Buparvaquone (Butalex) injection @ 5 ml/100 Kg b. wt. intramuscularly, while ...

Development of two diagnostic tools (ELISA and ICT) for detection of antibodies against ovine and bovine theileriosis

Human activated macrophages and hypoxia: a comprehensive review of the literature

Macrophages accumulate in poorly vascularised and hypoxic sites including solid tumours, wounds and sites of infection and inflammation where they can be exposed to low levels of oxygen for long periods. Up to date, different studies have shown that a number of transcription factors are activated by hypoxia which in turn activate a broad array of mitogenic, pro-invasive, pro-angiogenic, and pro...